O: MODULE 3 READING 1. Read the texts. Match the scientific fields to the inventions. One field is not needed

Владимир

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), accidentally discovered the dye called mauve or mauveine. This accidental invention revolutionized the textile industry by providing a new way to produce vibrant and lasting colors. It was the first synthetic dye, which paved the way for further advancements in chemistry and the creation of many other synthetic dyes.

B. Mathematics has played a crucial role in the development of cryptography, the science of secret codes and encryption. One of the most famous encryption devices is the Enigma machine, developed by German engineer Arthur Scherbius in the early 20th century. The Enigma machine used a series of rotors and electrical connections to encrypt and decrypt messages. Breaking the Enigma code during World War II was a significant achievement for the Allied forces and helped turn the tide of the war.

C. Space technology has led to several groundbreaking inventions and discoveries. One notable invention is the GPS (Global Positioning System). Developed by the United States Department of Defense, GPS uses a constellation of satellites to provide precise location and navigation information. GPS has revolutionized various industries, including transportation, emergency services, and outdoor recreational activities.

D. Chemistry has contributed to numerous inventions, and one such invention is the development of synthetic materials like nylon. Wallace Carothers, an American chemist, was the key figure behind the creation of nylon. In 1935, Carothers and his team successfully synthesized the first fully synthetic fiber, which was commercially introduced in 1938. Nylon revolutionized the textile industry, as it was stronger, more durable, and cheaper than natural fibers like silk and wool.

E. Medicine has seen remarkable advancements over the years, and one groundbreaking invention is the discovery of antibiotics. Alexander Fleming, a Scottish scientist, accidentally discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, in 1928. This chance discovery revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections and saved countless lives. Penicillin paved the way for the development of other antibiotics and contributed significantly to the field of medicine.

F. Physics has contributed to various inventions, including the development of the laser. In 1960, Theodore Maiman, an American physicist, built the world"s first working laser. The laser"s unique properties, such as high intensity and coherence, have found applications in various fields, including telecommunications, medicine, manufacturing, and scientific research.

Now let"s match the scientific fields to the inventions:

1. PHYSICS - Laser (F)
2. BIOLOGY - Antibiotics (E)
3. SPACE TECHNOLOGY - GPS (C)
4. CHEMISTRY - Synthetic materials like nylon (D)
5. MATHEMATICS - Encryption device Enigma (B)
6. MEDICINE - Synthetic dye mauve (A)

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Итак, соотнесем научные области с изобретениями:

1. ФИЗИКА - Лазер (F)
2. БИОЛОГИЯ - Антибиотики (E)
3. КОСМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ - GPS (C)
4. ХИМИЯ - Синтетические материалы, такие как нейлон (D)
5. МАТЕМАТИКА - Устройство шифрования Энигма (B)
6. МЕДИЦИНА - Синтетическая краска малинового цвета (A)

Получается, что необходимой научной области нет, поскольку все шесть областей были связаны с соответствующими изобретениями.